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Required libraries and runtime environment description.

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##  date     2019-04-12                  
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This document is versioned in a public git repo: https://github.com/cgranell/emi-mhealth.

This R notebook contains the code to produce the final figures and tables of the paper.

Data

Input datasets are the processed datasets within the emidata data package. The package code is available in a public git repo: https://github.com/cgranell/emidata. We analyse the follwing three datasets of the emidata package:

The final number of papers to analyse is 111.

There are 14 distinct mental disorders (out of 25). About 25.2% (N=28) are categorised according to Section II of DSM-5 manual. About 74.8% (N=83) are 23-Dual, 24-Multiple or 25-Suicidal behavior disorder/nonsuicidal self-injury. In the following analysis, categories 23 and 24 are merged into a new one: 26-Various. Therefore, dual and multiple disorders are jointly treated.

Key figures

Figure 1 (IN, PRODUCTION)

Proportional stacked area chart: Temporal distribution of papers colored by assessment type. The sum of each year is always equal to hundred, and the value of each group (assessment type) is in percentages.

Figure 2 (OUT)

Stacked barchart: Distribution of papers per mental disorders, colored by assessment type.

Figure 2 (IN, PRODUCTION)

Proportional (stacked) barchart: Distribution of papers per mental disorders, colored by assessment type. Note that we draw two main colors in the legend: purple represents no assessment at all, the range of greens denotes distinct types of assessment.

Figure 3 (IN, PRODUCTION)

Linechart: Distribution of papers (Total and top6 mental disorders) per year.

Figure 4 (OUT)

Table (Example 1): Distribution of papers (apps) per mental disorder. How many apps are related to each mental disorder? Per each mental disorder, assessment (yes/no) and year, we show the paper id and appname.

Mental Disorder Assessment Year Paper id App Name
1-Neurodevelopmental disorders NO 2016 304 My MFG
YES 2015 125 iCanLearn
2016 142 LifePal
10-Feeding and eating disorders NO 2017 265 Jorvie
YES 2015 092 RR: Eating Disorder Management
2016 007 Student Bodies–Eating Disorders (SB-ED)
12-Sleep-wake disorders NO 094 SleepIO
2017 103 SleepIO
YES 181 Sleepcare
16-Substance-related and addictive disorders NO 2016 014 CET Application
065 Smoke Mind
2017 021 CET Application
307 A-CHESS
YES 2015 013 A-CHESS
217 SmartQuit
2016 038 Smart-T
2017 171 Mind the Moment
2018 039 Smart-T
127 SEVA
18-Personality disorders 2017 106 EMOTEO
2-Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders NO 2015 305 Actissist
2016 273 TechCare
2017 260 SlowMo
YES 2013 089 FOCUS
2014 120 FOCUS
2016 117 PRIME
2017 087 Heal Your Mind
090 iCOPE
23-Comorbid disorders NO 2014 281 The Moment
2017 140 SPIRIT
185 MoodTrainer
2018 220 WorkingWell
YES 2013 126 myCompass
2014 282 SmartCAT
2016 029 iBobbly
2017 034 Wellframe
110 ACT Daily APP
119 PeerTECH App
131 IntelliCare Suite
177 Headspace
294 TODAY!
24-Various disorders NO 2015 086 NA
2016 097 Stop-Cannabis
YES 2014 290 Enuresis Trainer
2017 297 CASA-CHESS
2018 232 SMI-CM
300 Learn To Quit
25-Suicidal behavior disorder/nonsuicidal self-injury NO 2013 275 NA
2016 245 Blue Ice
YES 2017 012 NA
026 Virtual Hope Box (VHB)
124 iBobbly
2018 022 Blue Ice
030 Blue Ice
3-Bipolar and related disorders 2015 048 PRISM
258 SIMPLe
2016 042 MyT
226 SIMPLe
2017 138 SIMPLe
4-Depressive disorders NO 2015 035 Kokoro-App
2016 203 MyGamePlan
303 NA
2017 077 NA
188 Moodivate
235 Dcombat
YES 2013 058 Get Happy Program
2014 051 NA
2015 023 NA
152 MedLink
231 SuperBetter
266 NA
2016 071 NA
183 Mobile Sensing and Support
187 MoodHacker
2017 114 Thought Challenger
263 Kokoro-App
279 PRIME-D
2018 020 TODAC TODAC
063 Kokoro-App
082 7Cups
115 SPSRS
5-Anxiety disorders NO 2013 091 GET.ON PAPP
123 NA
2014 057 CBT Assistant
105 GET.ON PAPP
2015 027 NA
2017 192 AnxietyCoach
2018 025 Lantern
YES 2013 308 NA
2015 286 PsychAssist
2016 122 Ångesthjälpen
285 NA
2017 050 Public Speech Trainer (PST)
291 Agoraphobia Free; Stress Free
2018 163 NA
6-Obsessive-Compulsive and related disorders 2014 056 Mayo Clinic Anxiety Coach
2016 262 Geo-Feedback App
2017 044 Live OCD Free
7-Trauma and stressor-related disorders 2014 062 PE Coach
2015 061 PE Coach
069 PE Coach
121 Life Armor; PE Coach; Positive Activity Jackpot; Eventful; Tactical Breather; Virtual Hope Box; Daily Yoga; Simply Yoga
160 PTSD Coach
2016 118 PTSD Coach
301 RELAX
306 NA
2017 015 PTSD Coach
037 Life Armor; PE Coach; Positive Activity Jackpot; Eventful; Tactical Breather; Virtual Hope Box; Daily Yoga; Simply Yoga
049 PE Coach
088 PTSD Coach
302 NA

Figure 4 (IN, DRAFT)

Table (Example 2): Compact distribution of papers (apps) per mental disorder, grouping the references per app. The mumber(s) in brackets next to the app name is the reference(s) in which the app is mentioned.

Mental Disorder References by app
Personality disorders EMOTEO (106)
Obsessive-Compulsive and related disorders Geo-Feedback App (262), Live OCD Free (044), Mayo Clinic Anxiety Coach (056)
Sleep-wake disorders Sleepcare (181), SleepIO (094;103)
Feeding and eating disorders Jorvie (265), RR: Eating Disorder Management (092), Student Bodies–Eating Disorders (SB-ED) (007)
Neurodevelopmental disorders iCanLearn (125), LifePal (142), My MFG (304)
Bipolar and related disorders MyT (042), PRISM (048), SIMPLe (258;226;138)
Various disorders CASA-CHESS (297), Enuresis Trainer (290), Learn To Quit (300), SMI-CM (232), Stop-Cannabis (097), NA (086)
Suicidal behavior disorder/nonsuicidal self-injury iBobbly (124), Virtual Hope Box (VHB) (026), NA (275;012), Blue Ice (245;022;030)
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders Actissist (305), Heal Your Mind (087), iCOPE (090), PRIME (117), SlowMo (260), TechCare (273), FOCUS (089;120)
Substance-related and addictive disorders Mind the Moment (171), SEVA (127), SmartQuit (217), Smoke Mind (065), A-CHESS (013;307), CET Application (014;021), Smart-T (038;039)
Trauma and stressor-related disorders RELAX (301), Life Armor; PE Coach; Positive Activity Jackpot; Eventful; Tactical Breather; Virtual Hope Box; Daily Yoga; Simply Yoga (121;037), NA (306;302), PE Coach (062;061;069;049), PTSD Coach (160;118;015;088)
Comorbid disorders ACT Daily APP (110), Headspace (177), iBobbly (029), IntelliCare Suite (131), MoodTrainer (185), myCompass (126), PeerTECH App (119), SmartCAT (282), SPIRIT (140), The Moment (281), TODAY! (294), Wellframe (034), WorkingWell (220)
Anxiety disorders Agoraphobia Free; Stress Free (291), Ångesthjälpen (122), AnxietyCoach (192), CBT Assistant (057), Lantern (025), PsychAssist (286), Public Speech Trainer (PST) (050), GET.ON PAPP (091;105), NA (123;308;027;285;163)
Depressive disorders 7Cups (082), Dcombat (235), Get Happy Program (058), MedLink (152), Mobile Sensing and Support (183), MoodHacker (187), Moodivate (188), MyGamePlan (203), PRIME-D (279), SPSRS (115), SuperBetter (231), Thought Challenger (114), TODAC TODAC (020), Kokoro-App (035;263;063), NA (051;023;266;071;303;077)

Figure 4 (IN/OUT?, DRAFT)

Circular barplot (Example 3): Each cell means one occurence of the app in a paper.

Figure 5 (IN, DRAFT) - ONGOING

Bubble plot: Distribution of papers per mental disorder and technology variables (sensor capabilities and features)

In the following, some exploratory charts are shown on the way to reach the bubble plot, which is the last chart. None of the following charts are in production stage, only drafted. Please, do not pay much attention to the color palette and aesthetics yet.

22.5% of papers use at least a sensing capability (N=25). The use of the acc and gyr is residual; gps and mic are more significant, but in a low proportion: gps = 9.91%, mic = 10.8%, cam = 7.21% . Note that some papers use both type of sensors, so the sum of percentages of gps, mic and cam exceeds the total percentage of papers that use at least a sensing capability.

100% of papers provide/offer/use at least a feature capability (N=111).

5.41% of papers implement/use at least advanced analytics (N=6).

This is the final bubble plot.